Internet of Underwater Things and Big Marine Data Analytics—A Comprehensive Survey

The Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) is an emerging communication ecosystem developed for connecting underwater objects in maritime and environments. IoUT technology intricately linked with intelligent boats ships, smart shores oceans, automatic marine transportations, positioning navigation, exploration, disaster prediction prevention, as well monitoring security. has influence at various scales ranging from a small scientific observatory, to mid-sized harbor, covering global oceanic trade. network architecture intrinsically heterogeneous should be sufficiently resilient operate harsh This creates major challenges terms communications, whilst relying on limited energy resources. Additionally, the volume, velocity, variety data produced by sensors, hydrophones, cameras enormous, giving rise concept Big Marine Data (BMD), which its own processing challenges. Hence, conventional techniques will falter, bespoke Machine Learning (ML) solutions have employed automatically learning specific BMD behavior features facilitating knowledge extraction decision support. motivation this article comprehensively survey IoUT, BMD, their synthesis. It also aims exploring nexus ML. We set out collection then discuss family emphasis state-of-the-art research review suite ML suitable handling analytics. treat subject deductively educational perspective, critically appraising material surveyed. Accordingly, reader become familiar pivotal issues processing, gaining insight into applications, tools, techniques. Finally, we analyze architectural followed proposing range promising direction innovation broad areas BMD. Our hope inspire researchers, engineers, scientists, governmental bodies further progress field, develop new tools techniques, make informed decisions regulations related environments around world.